Medicinal Herbs and Supplements

Activated Charcoal

Medicinal Value: Adsorbent, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory due to its porous structure, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Activated charcoal treats acute poisoning and drug overdoses by adsorbing toxins in the gastrointestinal tract, with clinical support. It alleviates bloating and gas by binding to digestive byproducts, aiding dyspepsia. It’s used in detox protocols and may reduce cholesterol by binding bile acids. Topically, it treats acne and insect bites. Its antioxidant-like effects may promote autophagy by reducing oxidative stress in toxin-related conditions (theoretical).

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for poisoning and bloating; cholesterol and autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May reduce medication absorption; avoid with nutrient supplements or in chronic use.

 

Alfalfa Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Nutrient-dense (vitamins C, K, iron, calcium), diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and phytoestrogenic due to isoflavones, with hormone-modulating effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Alfalfa combats anemia and fatigue by supplying iron and vitamin C, enhancing red blood cell production. Its diuretic properties treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) and edema, potentially reducing kidney stone formation. Phytoestrogens (e.g., coumestrol) modulate estrogen, alleviating menopausal symptoms like hot flashes, with studies supporting hormonal balance. It lowers LDL cholesterol, aiding cardiovascular health. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in fatigue or inflammation (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s a tonic for recovery.

Evidence: Preliminary studies for cholesterol and menopausal benefits; hormone modulation moderately evidenced; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May trigger lupus-like symptoms; avoid in autoimmune conditions, pregnancy, or with blood thinners.

 

Alligator Pepper

Medicinal Value: Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and digestive due to aframodial and other alkaloids, with potential autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Alligator pepper treats digestive issues like bloating and indigestion, stimulating gastric secretions. Its antimicrobial properties combat oral and gut infections, including H. pylori. Traditionally, it’s used for colds, coughs, and malaria in African herbalism. It may reduce inflammation in arthritis. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in infections or inflammation (theoretical). It’s also used as a stimulant for fatigue.

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; antimicrobial effects preliminary; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May irritate stomach in high doses; avoid in pregnancy or with ulcers.

 

Ashwagandha Root (Powder and Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic due to withanolides, with hormone-modulating, autophagy, and potential apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Ashwagandha reduces stress and anxiety by lowering cortisol, treating generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia, with clinical studies showing improved mood. It enhances energy and combats fatigue, particularly in adrenal insufficiency, via hormone modulation of cortisol and thyroid hormones. Ashwagandha improves cognitive function and may protect against neurodegenerative diseases. It alleviates joint pain in arthritis and supports male fertility by boosting testosterone. Preclinical studies suggest withanolides induce apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., breast, prostate) and promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress-related conditions.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for stress and anxiety; hormone modulation well-supported; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May cause drowsiness; avoid in pregnancy, with sedatives, or hyperthyroidism.

Barberry Root Bark

Medicinal Value: Rich in berberine, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, blood sugar-regulating, apoptosis-inducing, and anti-angiogenic properties.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Barberry treats bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections (e.g., diarrhea, UTIs, candidiasis) via berberine. It supports liver function, aiding indigestion and jaundice, and manages type 2 diabetes, with studies showing reduced blood glucose. Berberine induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., liver) and exhibits anti-angiogenic effects in preclinical studies, potentially inhibiting tumor growth. It reduces inflammation in gastritis. Antioxidants may support autophagy in metabolic disorders (theoretical).

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for antimicrobial and antidiabetic effects; apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Contraindicated in pregnancy; may interact with antibiotics or statins.

Bee Pollen Granules

Medicinal Value: Nutrient-dense (vitamins, minerals, amino acids), antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Bee pollen boosts energy and immunity, combating fatigue and colds due to its nutrient profile. It reduces allergy symptoms, particularly hay fever, by desensitizing immune responses (preliminary studies). Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, aiding inflammation in arthritis or skin conditions like eczema. It may promote autophagy, supporting cellular repair in fatigue or inflammation (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for stamina and recovery.

Evidence: Preliminary evidence for allergies and immunity; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid in pollen allergies or pregnancy.

Beet Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Rich in nitrates, betalains, and antioxidants, with vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and potential autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Beet root powder lowers blood pressure and improves exercise stamina by increasing nitric oxide, aiding hypertension and cardiovascular health, with clinical support. Betalains reduce inflammation, treating arthritis and muscle soreness. It supports liver detoxification, combating oxidative stress in fatty liver disease. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, enhancing cellular repair in inflammation or metabolic stress (theoretical). Beet root treats anemia by providing folate and manganese, supporting red blood cell production.

Evidence: Strong evidence for blood pressure and exercise benefits; anti-inflammatory effects moderate; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause red urine/stool (benign); avoid excessive use in kidney stone history due to oxalates.

Bitter Melon Powder

Medicinal Value: Hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant due to charantin and polypeptides, with potential apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Bitter melon lowers blood sugar, managing type 2 diabetes, with clinical studies showing improved insulin sensitivity. It combats infections like colds and fungal skin conditions due to antimicrobial properties. Its antioxidants reduce inflammation in arthritis. Preclinical studies suggest it induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., pancreatic) and promotes autophagy, aiding cellular repair in metabolic disorders. It supports digestion and weight loss.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for diabetes; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May cause hypoglycemia; avoid in pregnancy or with diabetes medications.

Black Seed (Powder and Oil)

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-modulating due to thymoquinone, with apoptosis, anti-angiogenic, and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Black seed treats respiratory conditions like asthma and allergies, with clinical support for reducing airway inflammation. It combats infections (e.g., H. pylori, fungal) and supports digestion, alleviating bloating. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer cells (e.g., breast) in preclinical studies. It lowers blood sugar and cholesterol, aiding diabetes and cardiovascular health. Antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for respiratory and antimicrobial effects; apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May lower blood pressure or sugar; avoid in pregnancy or with hypotensive drugs.

Black Walnut Leaf Powder

Medicinal Value: Antiparasitic, antifungal, and astringent due to juglone, with potential apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Black walnut leaf treats parasitic infections (e.g., intestinal worms) and fungal conditions like candidiasis. Its astringent properties manage diarrhea and skin irritations like eczema. Preclinical studies suggest juglone induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., skin). Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in infections (theoretical). It’s used in detox protocols.

Evidence: Traditional use for parasites; apoptosis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Toxic in high doses; avoid in pregnancy or with liver disease.

Blackberry Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Astringent, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory due to tannins and flavonoids, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Blackberry leaf treats diarrhea and gastroenteritis by tightening mucous membranes, reducing fluid loss, due to its astringent tannins. It soothes sore throats and gingivitis when used as a gargle, leveraging antimicrobial properties. Topically, it heals minor wounds and skin irritations like eczema. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy to aid cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for mild respiratory infections and menstrual discomfort.

Evidence: Strong traditional use for diarrhea and oral health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Excessive use may cause constipation; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Blue Vervain Herb Powder

Medicinal Value: Sedative, anti-inflammatory, and diaphoretic due to verbenin, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Blue vervain treats anxiety, insomnia, and mild depression, promoting relaxation with mild sedative effects. It reduces fevers and colds as a diaphoretic, aiding detoxification through sweating. It relieves headaches and menstrual cramps. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, supporting cellular repair in stress or infections (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for nervous system support and digestive spasms.

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause nausea; avoid in pregnancy or with sedatives.

Bromelain Powder

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, proteolytic, and mucolytic due to enzymes, with potential apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Bromelain reduces inflammation in arthritis and sinusitis, breaking down mucus to alleviate congestion. It aids digestion, treating dyspepsia, and supports wound healing by reducing swelling. Preclinical studies suggest it induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., gastrointestinal). Its antioxidant properties may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). It’s used post-surgery for swelling.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for inflammation and digestion; apoptosis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May increase bleeding risk; avoid with blood thinners or in pregnancy.

Burdock Root (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Detoxifying, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory due to inulin and antioxidants, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Burdock root treats skin conditions like acne and eczema by supporting liver detoxification and reducing inflammation. Its diuretic properties manage edema and UTIs. It supports digestion, alleviating constipation and bloating. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in detoxification (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for arthritis and blood purification.

Evidence: Moderate traditional evidence for skin and detoxification; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid in pregnancy or with diuretics.

Butcher’s Broom Root

Medicinal Value: Vasoconstrictive, anti-inflammatory, and venotonic due to ruscogenins, with potential angiogenesis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Butcher’s broom treats varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and chronic venous insufficiency, improving venous return and reducing leg pain, with clinical support. It alleviates edema and lymphedema. Ruscogenins may promote angiogenesis for vascular repair, enhancing circulation (theoretical). As a mild laxative, it relieves constipation. It’s widely used in European herbal medicine for vascular health.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for venous insufficiency; angiogenesis theoretical.

Caution: May interact with antihypertensives; avoid in hypertension or pregnancy.

Calendula Flower

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing due to flavonoids and triterpenoids, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Calendula treats skin conditions like burns, cuts, and eczema, promoting healing via antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, with clinical support. It soothes oral inflammations (e.g., gingivitis) as a rinse. Internally, it supports digestion and menstrual regularity. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for minor infections.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for wound healing; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid in pregnancy or with ragweed allergies.

Cape Aloe Leaves Powder

Medicinal Value: Stimulant laxative and anti-inflammatory due to anthraquinones, with apoptosis-inducing properties.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Cape aloe treats acute constipation by stimulating peristalsis. In small doses, it soothes gastrointestinal inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or gastritis. Anthraquinones may induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells (preclinical), though human evidence is lacking. It’s used in detox regimens, but long-term use is risky. Cape aloe alleviates bloating and sluggish digestion.

Evidence: Strong evidence for laxative effects; apoptosis preclinical.

Caution: Prolonged use risks dependency; avoid in pregnancy or intestinal disorders.

Chaste Tree (Vitex)

Medicinal Value: Regulates hormones via pituitary effects, with hormone-modulating and potential autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Chaste tree treats premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms (mood swings, breast tenderness) and irregular menstrual cycles by modulating prolactin and luteinizing hormone, with clinical support. It aids fertility and reduces menopausal hot flashes. It alleviates cyclical mastalgia. Hormone modulation balances estrogen/progesterone. Stress reduction may promote autophagy (theoretical). It’s a key gynecological remedy.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for PMS; hormone modulation well-supported; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May interact with dopamine agonists; avoid in pregnancy or Parkinson’s.

Chickweed Herb (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, demulcent, and diuretic due to saponins, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Chickweed soothes skin irritations like eczema, psoriasis, and insect bites, with cooling and anti-inflammatory effects. It treats respiratory congestion and coughs as a demulcent. Its diuretic properties manage edema and UTIs. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for weight loss and detoxification.

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Clove (Powder and Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Analgesic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant due to eugenol, with apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Clove treats toothaches and gum inflammation with anesthetic and antiseptic properties. It combats oral and respiratory infections (e.g., sore throats). Clove relieves bloating and nausea. Eugenol induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., oral, lung) and promotes autophagy in preclinical studies, aiding cellular repair. Its antioxidants reduce inflammation in chronic conditions.

Evidence: Strong evidence for dental and antimicrobial effects; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May irritate mucous membranes; avoid excessive use or in pregnancy.

Cumin Seeds (Whole)

Medicinal Value: Digestive, antimicrobial, and hypoglycemic due to cuminaldehyde, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Cumin relieves bloating, gas, and indigestion, treating dyspepsia. Its antimicrobial properties combat H. pylori and oral plaque. Cumin improves insulin sensitivity, managing prediabetes, with preliminary studies. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in metabolic conditions (theoretical). It boosts immunity and treats mild respiratory infections.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for digestive and antimicrobial effects; autophagy preliminary.

Caution: Generally safe; excessive use may cause stomach upset.

Dandelion (Root and Leaf Powder)

Medicinal Value: Diuretic, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory due to taraxacin and inulin, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Dandelion root supports liver detoxification, treating jaundice and fatty liver disease, while the leaf acts as a diuretic for edema, UTIs, and hypertension. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and supports digestion, alleviating constipation. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in detoxification or inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for kidney health and as a tonic.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for diuretic and liver effects; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid with gallstones or in pregnancy.

Devil’s Claw Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory and analgesic due to harpagoside, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Devil’s claw treats arthritis, lower back pain, and muscle soreness, reducing inflammation and pain, with clinical support. It supports digestion, alleviating dyspepsia. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in chronic inflammation (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for gout and tendonitis.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for pain relief; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy, ulcers, or with blood thinners.

Echinacea Purpurea Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Immune-stimulating, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Echinacea reduces cold and flu duration, treating respiratory infections, sinusitis, and sore throats by enhancing white blood cell activity. It heals wounds and skin infections topically. Immune modulation may enhance autophagy, clearing damaged cells during infections (theoretical). It supports immune resilience.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for cold treatment; autophagy speculative.

Caution: May trigger ragweed allergies; avoid in autoimmune disorders.

Elderberry

Medicinal Value: Antiviral, antioxidant, and immune-stimulating, with apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Elderberry shortens cold and flu duration, alleviating fever and congestion, with clinical support. It treats sinusitis and bronchitis. Anthocyanins may induce apoptosis in virus-infected cells (preclinical). Antioxidants reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic conditions.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for cold/flu; apoptosis preclinical.

Caution: Raw berries toxic; avoid in autoimmune conditions without advice.

Elderflower

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and expectorant, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Elderflower treats colds, sinus infections, and allergic rhinitis by reducing mucus. It lowers fevers and manages edema or UTIs as a diuretic. Topically, it soothes eczema. Antioxidants may enhance autophagy during infections (theoretical). It’s used in teas for seasonal illnesses.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for respiratory benefits; autophagy speculative.

Caution: Avoid raw flowers; short-term use recommended.

Feverfew

Medicinal Value: Contains parthenolide, with anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and apoptosis-inducing properties.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Feverfew prevents migraines, reducing frequency and severity, with clinical support. It treats arthritis pain and menstrual cramps. Parthenolide may induce apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., leukemia) and exhibit anti-angiogenic effects (preclinical). It’s used for mild fevers.

Evidence: Strong evidence for migraines; apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis preclinical.

Caution: May cause mouth ulcers; avoid in pregnancy or with blood thinners.

Ginger (Root Powder and Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, and digestive due to gingerols, with autophagy and apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Ginger treats nausea (motion sickness, morning sickness), with clinical support. It reduces inflammation in osteoarthritis and muscle pain. Ginger aids digestion and combats infections. Gingerols induce apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., colon) and promote autophagy in preclinical studies. It alleviates cold symptoms.

Evidence: Strong evidence for nausea and inflammation; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May thin blood; avoid high doses with anticoagulants or before surgery.

Ginkgo Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Cognitive-enhancing, antioxidant, and vasodilatory due to ginkgolides, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Ginkgo improves memory and cognitive function, treating mild cognitive impairment and dementia, with clinical support. It enhances circulation, alleviating tinnitus and peripheral artery disease. Its antioxidants reduce oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy in neurodegenerative conditions (theoretical). It’s used for anxiety and vertigo.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for cognition; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May increase bleeding risk; avoid with blood thinners or before surgery.

Gotu Kola (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Adaptogenic, wound-healing, and cognitive-enhancing due to triterpenoids, with angiogenesis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Gotu kola accelerates wound healing and reduces scarring in burns and psoriasis by stimulating collagen and angiogenesis, promoting blood vessel formation (studies). It improves cognition and reduces anxiety, aiding mild cognitive impairment. Gotu kola treats venous insufficiency and varicose veins. Antioxidants may support autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress or aging (theoretical). It’s used for eczema and fatigue.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for wound healing and circulation; angiogenesis supported; autophagy speculative.

Caution: Rare liver toxicity; avoid in pregnancy or with sedatives.

Grape Peel/Grapefruit Peel Powder

Medicinal Value: High in resveratrol (grape) and bioflavonoids (grapefruit), with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing, and anti-angiogenic properties.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Grape peel lowers LDL cholesterol and improves vascular function, treating hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Grapefruit peel supports immunity and combats infections (e.g., colds) due to vitamin C and antimicrobial bioflavonoids. Resveratrol (grape) induces apoptosis and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer cells (e.g., breast) in preclinical studies. Both peels’ antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical). They protect skin from photoaging.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for cardiovascular (grape) and antimicrobial (grapefruit) benefits; apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Grapefruit may interact with medications; avoid with blood thinners or in pregnancy.

Hibiscus (Flower Whole and Powder)

Medicinal Value: Rich in anthocyanins, with antihypertensive, diuretic, and antioxidant properties, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Hibiscus lowers blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, treating cardiovascular diseases, with clinical support. It manages edema and prevents UTIs as a diuretic. It cools fevers and reduces inflammation. Anthocyanins may promote autophagy, enhancing cellular cleanup (theoretical).

Evidence: Strong evidence for blood pressure and cholesterol; autophagy speculative.

Caution: May cause hypotension; avoid excessive use in pregnancy.

Holy Tulsi Herb (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial due to eugenol and ursolic acid, with autophagy and potential apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Tulsi reduces stress and anxiety, improving mood and sleep, with clinical studies supporting its adaptogenic effects. It treats respiratory infections (colds, bronchitis) with antimicrobial and expectorant properties. Tulsi lowers blood sugar and cholesterol, aiding diabetes and cardiovascular health. Preclinical studies suggest ursolic acid induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., lung) and promotes autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress or inflammation. It supports immunity and digestive health.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for stress and respiratory benefits; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May lower blood sugar; avoid in pregnancy or with hypoglycemic drugs.

Horseradish Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Antimicrobial, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory due to glucosinolates, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Horseradish treats sinus infections, colds, and bronchitis by clearing mucus and combating bacteria. It supports digestion, alleviating bloating. Its antioxidants reduce inflammation in arthritis. Glucosinolates may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in infections (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for urinary tract infections.

Evidence: Traditional use for respiratory health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May irritate stomach or eyes; avoid in pregnancy or with ulcers.

Hyssop Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Expectorant, antimicrobial, and antispasmodic, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Hyssop treats coughs, bronchitis, and asthma by loosening mucus. Its antimicrobial properties combat respiratory and oral infections. Hyssop relieves bloating and indigestion. Antioxidants may enhance autophagy, aiding cellular repair during infections (theoretical). Topically, it soothes wounds.

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: High doses may cause seizures; avoid in epilepsy or pregnancy.

Irish Sea Moss (Full Spectrum, Green, Gold, Purple, Wildcrafted)

Medicinal Value: Nutrient-dense (iodine, minerals, mucilage), immune-supporting, and anti-inflammatory, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Sea moss supports thyroid health due to iodine, treating hypothyroidism. Its mucilage soothes digestive issues like gastritis and IBS, and respiratory conditions like bronchitis. It boosts immunity, combating colds, and supports skin health, treating eczema. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). Different forms (green, gold, purple) vary slightly in mineral content, with purple richer in anthocyanins.

Evidence: Traditional use for thyroid and digestion; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Excessive iodine may harm thyroid; avoid in hyperthyroidism or pregnancy.

Jasmine Tea

Medicinal Value: Antioxidant, calming, and anti-inflammatory due to catechins, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Jasmine tea reduces stress and anxiety, promoting relaxation with mild sedative effects. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, aiding cardiovascular health and skin aging. It supports digestion, alleviating bloating. Catechins may promote autophagy, supporting cellular repair in stress (theoretical). It’s used for mild depression.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for antioxidant effects; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Contains caffeine; avoid in pregnancy or with caffeine sensitivity.

Kava Kava

Medicinal Value: Anxiolytic and muscle relaxant due to kavalactones, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Kava reduces anxiety and insomnia, with clinical support. It relaxes muscle tension, alleviating spasms or mild pain. Stress reduction may promote autophagy (theoretical). It’s used for social anxiety.

Evidence: Strong evidence for anxiety; autophagy speculative.

Caution: Risk of liver toxicity; avoid with alcohol or sedatives.

Kelp Powder

Medicinal Value: Iodine-rich, antioxidant, and detoxifying, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Kelp supports thyroid function, treating hypothyroidism due to iodine. It aids detoxification, reducing heavy metal toxicity, and supports digestion, alleviating constipation. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy in metabolic stress (theoretical). It’s used for weight management and hair health.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for thyroid support; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Excessive iodine may cause thyroid issues; avoid in hyperthyroidism or pregnancy.

Lavender (Flower Powder and Whole)

Medicinal Value: Calming, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Lavender treats anxiety and mild depression, with clinical support. It promotes sleep and soothes burns, insect bites, and eczema topically. It reduces headaches and bloating. Antioxidants may enhance autophagy in stress-related conditions (theoretical).

Evidence: Strong evidence for anxiety and sleep; autophagy speculative.

Caution: May cause skin irritation; excessive oral use may lead to nausea.

Lemon Balm Leaf (Whole)

Medicinal Value: Calming, antiviral, and cognitive-enhancing due to rosmarinic acid, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Lemon balm reduces anxiety and insomnia, with studies supporting anxiolytic effects. Its antiviral properties treat cold sores topically. It enhances memory and relieves digestive spasms in IBS. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress or viral infections (theoretical). It’s used for mild depression.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for anxiety and antiviral effects; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause drowsiness; avoid with thyroid medications.

Licorice Root

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and adrenal-supporting, with hormone-modulating and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Licorice treats ulcers, heartburn, and gastritis. It alleviates coughs and bronchitis and supports adrenal function, managing fatigue via hormone modulation. Antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical). Topically, it soothes eczema.

Evidence: Strong evidence for digestive and respiratory benefits; hormone modulation moderate; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Can raise blood pressure; avoid in hypertension or pregnancy.

Lion’s Mane Mushroom Powder

Medicinal Value: Neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, and anti-inflammatory due to hericenones, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Lion’s mane improves memory and focus, treating mild cognitive impairment and supporting nerve repair in neurodegenerative diseases, with clinical support. It reduces anxiety and depression. Its antioxidants combat inflammation, potentially promoting autophagy in brain health (theoretical). It supports digestion and immunity.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for cognition; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause mild stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Lungwort Dried Leaves (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant due to mucilage and flavonoids, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Lungwort treats respiratory conditions like bronchitis, asthma, and chronic coughs by loosening mucus and reducing airway inflammation. It soothes sore throats and supports lung healing, traditionally used for tuberculosis or pneumonia recovery. Topically, it heals minor wounds and skin irritations. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy to aid cellular repair in respiratory inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for mild allergies.

Evidence: Strong traditional use for respiratory health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Limited safety data; avoid in pregnancy or with liver disease.

Magnesium Citrate Powder

Medicinal Value: Muscle-relaxing, laxative, and nerve-supporting due to magnesium, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Magnesium citrate treats constipation as a laxative, relaxes muscles to alleviate cramps and spasms, and supports nerve function, reducing migraines and anxiety, with clinical support. It aids cardiovascular health by regulating blood pressure. Magnesium may promote autophagy by supporting cellular energy processes (theoretical). It’s used for insomnia and fatigue.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for constipation and muscle health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause diarrhea; avoid in kidney disease or with heart medications.

Marshmallow Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Mucilaginous, soothing, and anti-inflammatory due to polysaccharides, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Marshmallow leaf soothes sore throats, coughs, and bronchitis by coating mucous membranes, ideal for respiratory infections. It treats acid reflux, gastritis, and IBS by protecting the digestive lining. Topically, it heals skin irritations, burns, and wounds. Its mild antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflamed tissues (theoretical). It supports urinary health, alleviating UTI discomfort.

Evidence: Strong traditional evidence for respiratory and digestive benefits; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May slow medication absorption; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Milk Thistle Seed Powder

Medicinal Value: Hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory due to silymarin, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Milk thistle supports liver health, treating fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and jaundice by promoting liver cell regeneration, with clinical support. It reduces oxidative stress, aiding detoxification. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy, supporting cellular repair in liver damage (theoretical). It lowers cholesterol and supports digestion.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for liver health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause mild stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy or with ragweed allergies.

Moringa Leaf Powder

Medicinal Value: Nutrient-dense (vitamins A, C, iron, calcium), anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, with potential autophagy and apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Moringa combats anemia and fatigue with its nutrient profile, supporting red blood cell production. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and lowers blood sugar, aiding diabetes management, with clinical support. Moringa boosts immunity, treating infections like colds. Preclinical studies suggest isothiocyanates induce apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., breast) and promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in oxidative stress. It supports cardiovascular health by lowering cholesterol.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for diabetes and inflammation; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May lower blood pressure; avoid in pregnancy or with hypoglycemic drugs.

Motherwort Herb (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Cardiotonic, sedative, and hormone-modulating due to leonurine, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Motherwort treats heart palpitations and hypertension, calming the cardiovascular system, with traditional support. It reduces anxiety and insomnia, particularly in menopausal women, and regulates menstrual cycles via hormone modulation. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress (theoretical). It’s used for hyperthyroidism and nervous tension.

Evidence: Traditional use for heart and hormonal health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause drowsiness; avoid in pregnancy or with heart medications.

Mugwort Herb

Medicinal Value: Digestive, sedative, and emmenagogue, with hormone-modulating effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Mugwort relieves bloating and indigestion, treating dyspepsia. It regulates menstrual cycles and eases cramps via hormone-modulating effects. It manages insomnia and anxiety, enhancing vivid dreams. Mugwort may combat intestinal worms. Antioxidants may support autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; hormone modulation theoretical.

Caution: May cause allergic reactions; avoid in pregnancy or with ragweed allergies.

Mullein Leaf (Powder and Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and soothing due to mucilage, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Mullein treats coughs, bronchitis, and asthma by loosening mucus. It soothes sore throats. Mullein oil alleviates ear infections. Topically, it heals wounds or hemorrhoids. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in respiratory infections (theoretical). It’s used for allergies.

Evidence: Strong traditional use; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Seeds toxic; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Mushroom Powder (Reishi and Lion’s Mane)

Medicinal Value: Immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective due to beta-glucans and hericenones, with potential autophagy and apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Reishi boosts immunity, treating colds and chronic infections, and reduces stress, aiding sleep, with clinical support. Lion’s mane enhances cognition and nerve repair, treating mild cognitive impairment. Both reduce inflammation in arthritis. Preclinical studies suggest beta-glucans induce apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., lung) and promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair. They support liver health.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for immunity (reishi) and cognition (lion’s mane); apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May cause mild stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy or with blood thinners.

Neem Leaf Powder

Medicinal Value: Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying, with apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Neem treats acne, eczema, and fungal infections with antibacterial properties. It combats gum disease and bad breath. Neem manages chronic infections like candidiasis. Preclinical studies suggest it induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., skin) and promotes autophagy. It may lower blood sugar, treating mild diabetes.

Evidence: Moderate evidence for skin and antimicrobial effects; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May lower blood sugar or fertility; avoid in pregnancy or diabetes without advice.

Nettle Leaf

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and nutrient-rich, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Nettle treats hay fever, reducing sneezing with antihistamine effects. It alleviates arthritis pain. As a diuretic, it manages UTIs, edema, and kidney stones. Its nutrients combat anemia. Antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Moderate evidence for allergies and arthritis; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Noni (Fruit Powder)

Medicinal Value: Antioxidant, immune-modulating, and anti-inflammatory, with apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Noni treats infections like colds by boosting immunity. It alleviates joint pain and soothes burns topically. Preclinical studies suggest it induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., liver). Antioxidants may support autophagy (theoretical). It manages fatigue.

Evidence: Limited clinical data; apoptosis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause liver issues; avoid in pregnancy or kidney disease.

Olive Leaf (Cut and Sifted)

Medicinal Value: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antihypertensive due to oleuropein, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Olive leaf treats infections like colds, flu, and candidiasis with antimicrobial properties. It lowers blood pressure and cholesterol, aiding cardiovascular health, with clinical support. Its antioxidants reduce inflammation in arthritis. Oleuropein may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in infections (theoretical). It supports immunity.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for cardiovascular and antimicrobial effects; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May lower blood pressure; avoid in pregnancy or with hypotensive drugs.

Passionflower

Medicinal Value: Sedative, anxiolytic, and antispasmodic, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Passionflower treats anxiety and insomnia, with studies supporting anxiolytic effects. It relaxes muscle spasms, alleviating menstrual cramps. It manages mild depression. Stress reduction may promote autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Moderate evidence for anxiety; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause drowsiness; avoid with sedatives or in pregnancy.

Peppermint Leaf

Medicinal Value: Antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and cooling due to menthol, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Peppermint relieves IBS symptoms, bloating, and indigestion by relaxing digestive muscles, with clinical support. It treats headaches and sinus congestion via cooling effects. Its antimicrobial properties combat oral bacteria. Antioxidants may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for nausea and colds.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for IBS; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May worsen acid reflux; avoid in pregnancy or with gallstones.

Prekese Powder

Medicinal Value: Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant due to flavonoids, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Prekese treats infections like colds and diarrhea in African herbalism, leveraging antimicrobial properties. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and supports digestion, alleviating bloating. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy in inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for hypertension and wound healing.

Evidence: Traditional use dominates; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Limited safety data; avoid in pregnancy or with hypotensive drugs.

Senna Leaf

Medicinal Value: Stimulant laxative due to anthraquinones, with apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Senna treats acute constipation, stimulating bowel movements. It relieves bloating. Preclinical studies suggest anthraquinones induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. It’s used in detox protocols, but overuse is risky.

Evidence: Strong evidence for laxative effects; apoptosis preclinical.

Caution: Prolonged use causes dependency; avoid in pregnancy or intestinal disorders.

Shave Grass (Horsetail)

Medicinal Value: Diuretic, silica-rich, and bone-supporting, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Horsetail treats UTIs and edema, preventing kidney stones. Its silica strengthens bones, hair, and nails, combating osteoporosis. It heals wounds topically. Antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Moderate evidence for diuretic and bone health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Prolonged use may deplete thiamine; avoid in pregnancy or kidney disease.

Sheep Sorrel

Medicinal Value: Antioxidant, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory, with apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Sheep sorrel treats inflammation and fever in detox protocols. Its diuretic properties manage edema and UTIs. Preclinical studies suggest apoptosis in tumor cells. It soothes digestive issues. Antioxidants may support autophagy (theoretical).

Evidence: Limited clinical data; apoptosis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: High oxalates; avoid with kidney stones or pregnancy.

Slippery Elm (Bark Powder)

Medicinal Value: Mucilaginous, soothing, and anti-inflammatory, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Slippery elm treats acid reflux, ulcers, and IBS. It soothes sore throats and coughs. Topically, it heals burns. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical). It supports recovery from diarrhea.

Evidence: Strong traditional evidence; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May slow medication absorption; avoid in pregnancy without advice.

Soursop (Graviola Fruit and Leaf Powder)

Medicinal Value: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer, with apoptosis and anti-angiogenic effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Soursop treats insomnia and anxiety. It combats infections (e.g., diarrhea). It reduces joint pain. Preclinical studies show acetogenins induce apoptosis and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer cells (e.g., breast). Antioxidants may support autophagy (theoretical). Fruit powder is nutrient-rich, while leaves are more concentrated in acetogenins.

Evidence: Limited human studies; apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause neurotoxicity; avoid in pregnancy or Parkinson’s.

Spirulina Powder

Medicinal Value: Nutrient-dense (protein, vitamins, iron), antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Spirulina combats anemia and fatigue with its iron and protein content. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and allergies, with clinical support. Its antioxidants lower cholesterol, aiding cardiovascular health. Phycocyanin may promote autophagy, supporting cellular repair in oxidative stress (theoretical). It boosts immunity and supports detoxification.

Evidence: Moderate clinical evidence for inflammation and cholesterol; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause stomach upset; avoid in pregnancy or with autoimmune disorders.

St. John’s Wort (Whole)

Medicinal Value: Antidepressant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory, with autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: St. John’s Wort treats mild to moderate depression, with clinical support. It alleviates nerve pain and heals burns topically. Its antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical). It’s used for anxiety.

Evidence: Strong evidence for depression; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Interacts with many medications; avoid in pregnancy or with photosensitivity.

True Ceylon Cinnamon Powder

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hypoglycemic due to cinnamaldehyde, with autophagy and potential apoptosis effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Ceylon cinnamon lowers blood sugar, aiding type 2 diabetes management, with clinical support. It reduces inflammation in arthritis and supports cardiovascular health by lowering cholesterol. Its antimicrobial properties combat infections (e.g., oral bacteria). Preclinical studies suggest cinnamaldehyde induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., leukemia) and promotes autophagy, aiding cellular repair in metabolic stress. It relieves digestive discomfort.

Evidence: Strong evidence for diabetes and antimicrobial effects; apoptosis and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: Excessive use may irritate stomach; avoid in pregnancy or with liver issues.

Turmeric (Root Ground, Living Bitter)

Medicinal Value: Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial due to curcumin, with apoptosis, anti-angiogenic, and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Turmeric treats arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases, with clinical support. It relieves indigestion and combats H. pylori. Curcumin induces apoptosis and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer cells (e.g., colon) and promotes autophagy in preclinical studies. It supports brain and cardiovascular health. Living bitter form may enhance bioavailability.

Evidence: Strong evidence for inflammation; apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and autophagy preclinical.

Caution: May thin blood; avoid high doses in pregnancy or gallstones.

Valerian Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Sedative, anxiolytic, and antispasmodic due to valerenic acid, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Valerian treats insomnia and anxiety, promoting sleep with clinical support. It relaxes muscle spasms, alleviating menstrual cramps and tension headaches. Stress reduction may promote autophagy, aiding cellular repair in stress-related conditions (theoretical). It’s used for restless leg syndrome.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for sleep; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: May cause drowsiness; avoid with sedatives or in pregnancy.

Vitamin C Powder

Medicinal Value: Antioxidant, immune-supporting, and collagen-promoting, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Vitamin C boosts immunity, reducing cold duration, with clinical support. It supports skin health, aiding wound healing and reducing aging via collagen synthesis. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy in infections or inflammation (theoretical). It’s used for fatigue and cardiovascular health.

Evidence: Strong clinical evidence for immunity and skin health; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: High doses may cause diarrhea; avoid in kidney stone history.

Wormwood Herb

Medicinal Value: Antiparasitic, antimicrobial, and digestive due to artemisinin, with potential apoptosis and autophagy effects.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Wormwood treats parasitic infections (e.g., intestinal worms) and digestive issues like bloating and dyspepsia. Its antimicrobial properties combat infections like malaria (artemisinin-based drugs). Preclinical studies suggest artemisinin induces apoptosis in cancer cells (e.g., breast). Antioxidants may promote autophagy (theoretical). It’s used in detox protocols.

Evidence: Strong evidence for parasites; apoptosis preclinical; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: Toxic in high doses; avoid in pregnancy or epilepsy.

Yellow Dock Root Powder

Medicinal Value: Detoxifying, laxative, and anti-inflammatory due to anthraquinones, with potential autophagy support.

Uses, Ailments, and Mechanisms: Yellow dock treats constipation as a mild laxative and supports liver detoxification, aiding jaundice and skin conditions like acne. It reduces inflammation in arthritis. Its antioxidants combat oxidative stress, potentially promoting autophagy in detoxification (theoretical). Traditionally, it’s used for anemia due to iron content.

Evidence: Traditional use for digestion and skin; autophagy theoretical.

Caution: High oxalates; avoid in pregnancy or with kidney stones.